World War II April 2019

World War II

APPRENTICE & JOURNEYMAN

Apprentice and Journeyman will be combined this time in terms of reading and inspirements. If you meet these requirements, you may attend both classes.

Objective: Become familiar with the causes, effects, and events of World War II, and study at least one aspect of the war in deeper detail.

Study/Learn

1. Read Story of the World vol 4 pages 286-291, and 299-323

2. Read A History of US, Volume 9, Chapters 26-44

3. Read How to Kill 11 Million People (This is a quick read. Should only take approx. 20 minutes)

4. Watch a documentary on WWII. Youtube, Netflix, or Prime. At least 1 1/2 hours.

5.  OPTIONAL Mack has more Mr. Betts video. 

WW2: Mr.betts WW2 parody

another Mr.betts WW2 parody

Know/Understand

Your mission is to become an expert on one aspect of World War II and create a dynamic, engaging, multimedia presentation on your topic to give to the class. You will have 5-10 minutes to captivate us and move us by what you have to say. Please sign up here on the google doc.

TIPS: 

• For projects like this, it is important to explore different points of view surrounding your topic.

• Don't just give us dates and general information, but also share how your topic affected people on a personal level. What are the true underlying issues going on within your topic?

• Think about what teaching tools you can use to get your point across to others most effectively. Using simulations, video clips, photos, or individual stories helps to make your presentation memorable and helps us internalize the lessons from your talk.

• Tell us how you feel about your topic and make connections from your topic to anything going on today or if your topic has had far-reaching effects that continue today.

• Create a brief outline for what you have to say on a 3 x 5 card and practice until you feel comfortable speaking without having to read from a paper. Practice speaking in a way that will keep people interested and remember to be sensitive to your topic (ex: it is not appropriate to giggle through a presentation about the Holocaust).

TOPICS:

• Causes of World War II --

• Pearl Harbor--

• Propaganda Posters --

• Changing Womens' Roles

• Holocaust --

• Nazi Germany (Master Race, Hitler youth, the gestapo, book burning, etc.) --

• Japanese Internment Camps --

• Adolf Hitler --

• Winston Churchill --

• Weapons and battle strategies --

• Battle of Britain --

• D-Day --

• Battle of Midway --

• Battle of the Bulge

• Battle of Stalingrad and how the war affected Russia

• Homefront (what was it like for the common people at home?) in U.S. & Britain --

• Homefront (what was it like for the common people at home?) in Germany & Japan

• Nuremburg War Criminal Trials --

• Cryptology in WWII --

• Japanese concept of war & honor (kamikaze, harakiri, Bataan death march, Burma Railway, how did their concept of honor affect their treatment of POW's and the way they would fight and not surrender?)

• Atomic bomb --

• Iwo Jima --

 

1933-1945 Africa

“This fascinating and original volume profoundly challenges inherited understandings of the Holocaust as a purely European phenomenon. Offering far-ranging original research, the contributors illustrate how one of modernity’s defining horrors played out in North Africa. In so doing, they convincingly show that Vichy’s race laws, anti-Semitic agitation, and deportations represented ruptures—but also continuities—with North Africa’s colonial order.”

Joshua Schreier, Vassar College

“The Holocaust and North Africa extends the geographical and historical horizons of Holocaust studies. It challenges a Eurocentric focus, exploring the diverse persecution experiences and memories of Jews in North and West Africa, and raises interesting questions about the interdependencies of Nazi, Vichy, and fascist policies with colonial practices.”

Wolf Gruner, Founding Director, USC Shoah Foundation Center for Advanced Genocide Research

These two powerful quotes are a precursor to what we're gonna be talking about- the history and role of Africa in World War 2. 

I've wanted to do a class on African history since the beginning of the year and I am so, so excited for this and I hope you are as well. We'll  be doing Journeyman work during the Master's hour. The reason I am so excited to talk about Africa is because, well, no one knows about it. North, South, West, and East all played a vital role in the defeat of the Axis powers. And Africa especially, a country that had been invaded and colonized for years, understood more than anyone the liberty that you give yourself when you stand up for what is right. Fighting against Facism led to Nelson Mandela's movements to end Apartid, a set of racist laws meant to diminish and dehumanize black people that succeeded for a long time. It is not right, prudent, or acceptable to skip over a chapter of history for fear of being uncomfortable, especially when thousands of soldiers gave their lives to protect the peace and freedom of the entire world. Just as we need to honor American, Asian, and European soldiers, African soldiers deserve just as much honor and respect; the conditions and bias that they faced being unimaginable to many of us. I hope that you will find this all as interesting, thought provoking, and worth studying as I did. 

"Many Africans enlisted – or were conscripted by their colonial ruler, Britain – to fight the Axis countries in World War 2. They were instrumental in bringing an end to the war, which was fought across Africa, Europe and the East, yet there is not much known about their contribution." 

Let's face it, we love to focus on European history because many of our families came from those areas, but if we only learn about the history that is convienant or easy to hear, then you should just leave now because none of it is easy to learn. As Albert Einstein said, "Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it." Yeah, we don't really know Africa's history, but are we gonna ignore the history of an entire continent just because we stumble over their names? 

 “In the first few years of the war, the Royal Air Force [RAF] recruited 10 000 West Africans for ground duties in the British West Africa colonies of the Gold Coast [now Ghana], Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and the Gambia.”

Quartey said the Gold Coast king, Asantehene, was indispensable because he mobilised the population and helped to construct airfields, harbours and roads.

Italy, itself a colonial power, attacked British positions in Egypt, Kenya and Sudan in 1940. These acts of aggression prompted the British war-time prime minister, Winston Churchill, to form an air supply route from the city of Takoradi in Gold Coast to Cairo in Egypt

Actually, this entire article is good, read it and bring a couple things that you didn't know before africa-played-a-role-in-ending-world-war-2

"The end of the Second World War inspired many African countries to intensify their struggles for independence from their colonial owners. “Initially I saw the white man as someone better than me. But after the war, I considered him an equal,” recalled former infantryman Dauda Kafanchan.

Kasrils said: “The victory over fascism saved the world from slavery and catastrophe. It spelled the end of the colonial system and saw the emergence of African independence and armed liberation struggles such as ours that were primarily armed and supported by the Soviet Union and the socialist camp.”   He concluded that these historic lessons should never be forgotten, especially the connection to the struggle for freedom."

This part towards the end just touched my heart; Africa had been colonized for so long to the point where they didn't consider themselves equal as human beings. But the war, being willing to fight and give their lives for their freedom, families, and mankind, helped liberate them from their own dehumanization, here's a quote from Doctor Brene Brown about that very topic.

Come prepared to have fun and share a couple things about what you learned! (that means you don't have to make a presentation unless you really, really want to)

A World Of Unrest 1917-1933

After the First World War, everyone scrambled to make peace treaties to ensure that there would never be something like, you know, a second world war. Good thing the treaties worked and that didn't happen!!!!!! Oh wait. Anyways, those treaties were important. The most famous was the...

Treaty of Versailles, please read this.

Here are some important dates and what happened on them:

August 18, 1920 - Women are given the right to vote when the 19th Amendment to the United States constitution grants universal women's suffrage.

June 2, 1924 - All Indians are designated citizens by legislation passed in the U.S. Congress and signed by President Calvin Coolidge. The Indian Citizenship Act granted this right to all Native Americans that had been born within the territory of the United States.

May 15, 1928 - The first appearance of Mickey and Minnie Mouse on film occurs with the release of the animated short film, Plane Crazy.

Plane Crazy, so you can watch it

October 29, 1929 - Postwar prosperity ends in the 1929 Stock Market crash. The plummeting stock prices led to losses between 1929 and 1931 of an estimated $50 billion and started the worst American depression in the nation's history.

February 18, 1930 - American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovers the planet Pluto at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. Tombaugh was also known as one of the few serious astronomers to have claimed to sight UFO's.

April 22, 1930 - The London Naval Reduction Treaty is signed into law by the United States, Great Britain, Italy, France, and Japan, to take effect on January 1, 1931. It would expire on December 31, 1936.

June 17, 1930 - The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act is signed by President Herbert Hoover. Its effective rate hikes would slash world trade.

 January 22, 1932 - The Reconstruction Finance Corporation is established to stimulate banking and business. Unemployment in 1932 reached twelve million workers.

March 4, 1933 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated for the first time. His speech with its hallmark phrase, "We have nothing to fear, but fear itself," begins to rally the public and Congress to deal with great depression issues. His subsequent Fireside Chats, that began eight days later, would continue his addresses with the American public.

Since we're not gonna have a whole lot of time for Journeyman, which is okay, prepare a short presentation on one of these events and com prepared to share about it.

"All we have to fear is fear itself." "And Vanguard presentations." "And spiders." -FDR, Isa, And I.

The Great Depression March 2019

The Great Depression

APPRENTICE

Objective: Become familiar with the causes, effects, and events of the Great Depression.

Study/Learn

1. Read Story of the World Vol 4 pages 281-285.

2. Read History of US vol 9 pages 76-110.

3. If you don't understand how stock markets work, watch Stock Markets in Plain English

4. Watch Inventions That Shook the World 1920's and 1930's.  This is on Amazon Prime.

5. OPTIONAL  More Mr. Betts videos from Mack. :) Yay! 

Mr. Betts Great Depression

Stock Market Mr. Betts

Mr. Betts New Deal :)

Not a parody... but good Mr. Betts    This one is NOT a parody... but he teaches you some great things. If you have ten minutes to learn more about the depression. 

Masters

Objective: Learn how the Great Depression affected people.

Study/Learn

1. Research a family member that lived through the Great Depression. Find some stories from their life. How did the Depression affect them?

2. Watch either The Grapes of Wrath (1940), Cinderella Man (2005), or The Journey of Natty Gann 1985).


Know/Understand
Complete 1 of the following:

• Find a Depression era recipe and make it. Bring some to share with the class.

• Create a slideshow of impactful photos from the Depression that depict the plight of the people to share with the class.

• Find some Depression era popular music, art or poetry. Bring some samples to share with the class. How were these expressive arts affected by the Depression?

Become/Serve

• Why does the Lord allow trials to happen in our lives? Find some scriptures on adversity and write yourself an explanation.

M

Civil Disobedience- Feb 2019

Civil Disobedience

Be the Change

APPRENTICE

What does it take to make big societal changes come about? For example, if you wanted to institute a new rule saying that teachers in public schools would not be allowed to assign homework, what would you have to do? Would this change happen easily? Would it take a long time? What steps might you take in order to get a new rule like this in place? Can an individual make a difference?
Throughout history, there have been times when people felt so deeply about a political or social issue, they resisted the status quo—the current state of affairs—in some manner. This week, we will be examining different ways people have behaved in an effort to bring about big societal changes.

Be the change you wish to see in the world. --Mohandas Gandhi

Read/Study

1. Watch this background video presentation made by Emily Halley:) 

2. Read Story of the World vol 4 pages 433-436.
2. Read Gandhi the Man by Eknath Easwaran 

3. Develop a definition as you read for the terms: satyagraha, and ahimsa.  From the Dictionary of Cultural Literacy define and write Gandhi, Mahatma and civil disobedience. Write them on your notecards.

4. Optional: watch Gandhi (1982) PG Available to rent on Amazon
(This film won 8 Academy Awards including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Actor) 

Know/Understand
Choose 1 of the following inspirements:

• Gandhi's life in many ways mirrored Jesus Christ's. Can you find some accounts from Christ's ministry that align with Gandhi's beliefs? What could be a synonym of satyagraha that is used in the Bible?

• Compare and contrast the goals and methods of Gandhi and Stalin. Write a page or two on this topic. Share this with me and your writing mentor.

• A paradox is a statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory.
Do you see any paradox in Gandhi's beliefs regarding fighting your enemies through making them your friends? Write a page or two on this topic. Share this with me and your writing mentor.



Become/Serve

• After reading about Gandhi and his teachings about satyagraha, think of some ways you could try his approach in your own life. Try to be conscious of your own feelings towards others as you go about your week. When a disagreement arises, instead of getting upset, try to remove your personal feelings and see the conflict for what it is. Can you solve the problem with love and kindness? Write about your experience.

• Gandhi had some major weaknesses to overcome in order to follow his path. Why do we have weaknesses? Do you feel like there is anything standing in your way right now? Do you think you can overcome it? How? Set a goal to work on something this week that has been a weakness in the past. Journal about your experience.

 

masters

“One has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.” –Martin Luther King, Jr.

Background:

Martin Luther King, Jr. was the main leader in the African American civil rights movement. I know we are jumping ahead of our history timeline a bit, but MLK was greatly influenced by Gandhi and his methods, so I think it is very fitting to study them alongside each other. The last time we discussed racial issues was when we studied the civil war. A lot happened to the blacks in our country between the Civil War and MLK, so if everyone can do a good job presenting their timeline events below, we should be able to create a clear picture in class of what led up to the civil rights act. 

Read/Study

1. Read Letter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King, Jr. --Written in April 1963
   Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience.  

As you read, underline the main idea in each paragraph or summarize the main idea of the paragraph in the margin. Please bring this to class for discussion.

2. We are going to make a class timeline of African American history from the end of the Civil War until 1964. Please choose one segment of years and present the events of those years to the class. Click here for the timeline of events, find your year segment and research the events listed there. Please sign up here.

1865-1866 - 
1867-1868
1870 - 
1877-1879 - 
1881-1882 - 
1896 - 
1905-1909 - 
1920's - 
1947-1948 - 
1954-1955 - 
1957-1960 - 
1962-1963 - 
1964 -  
3. Watch one or more of the following movies

                  • The Butler (PG-13)- As Cecil Gaines serves eight presidents during his tenure as a butler at the White House, the civil rights movement, Vietnam, and other major events affect this man's life, family, and American society.
                
                  • Remember the Titans (PG) - The true story of a newly appointed African-American coach and his high school team on their first season as a racially integrated unit.
                
                  • Selma (PG-13)- A chronicle of Martin Luther King's campaign to secure equal voting rights via an epic march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama in 1965.
                 
                   • 42 (PG-13) - The story of Jackie Robinson from his signing with the Brooklyn Dodgers organization in 1945 to his historic 1947 rookie season when he broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball.

                   • The Help (PG-13) - An aspiring author during the civil rights movement of the 1960s decides to write a book detailing the African-American maids' point of view on the white families for which they work, and the hardships they go through on a daily basis.

Written in April 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama, was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the Birmingham crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience. - See more at: http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html#sthash.FYKYNt6S.dpuf

Written in April 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama, was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the Birmingham crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience. - See more at: http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html#sthash.FYKYNt6S.dpuf

Written in April 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama, was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the Birmingham crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience. - See more at: http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html#sthash.FYKYNt6S.dpuf

Written in April 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama, was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the Birmingham crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience. - See more at: http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html#sthash.FYKYNt6S.dpuf

Written in April 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama, was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the Birmingham crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience. - See more at: http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html#sthash.FYKYNt6S.dpuf

Written in April 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” delivered an important statement on civil rights and civil disobedience. The 1963 racial crisis in Birmingham, Alabama, was a critical turning point in the struggle for African American civil rights. Although King's letter was not published until after the Birmingham crisis was resolved, it is widely regarded as the most important written document of the modern civil rights movement and a classic text on civil disobedience. - See more at: http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html#sthash.FYKYNt6S.dpuf

Know/Understand

• Write one or two pages on how Martin Luther King, Jr. and Gandhi showed perseverance. Also, have you had to use perseverance in your life?  

• There were other minority groups struggling for equality throughout the world during the years of 1850-1945, such as women, Jews, Irish, Native Americans, and black South Africans. Study one of these groups and create a presentation for the class that summarizes their experience. 

• Write a poem or create a piece of artwork that expresses either perseverance or the feelings of being treated badly by an oppressive majority. 

January Journeyman 2019

Добро пожаловать в класс!!
Yo!! We're gonna be talking about thE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION!!!

WATCH A FEW OF THESE:
Here's a video to watch if you like listening to dramatic guys with a kind of weird voice.. (not Mr. Betts) What if the Russian Revolution Never Happened? after about 6:30 it starts talking about the What Ifs and you can watch that if you'd like.

Here's an introduction if you like listening to dramatic guys and fun animation The Russian Revolution

This one is done in a courtroom style, one side defending Lenin and the other against him. I liked this cool TED ED talk, even if his russian accent isn't that great...  History Vs. Lenin

Here's real Russians sharing their views a hundred years later. The old man at the beginning was sharing TRUTH! What do Russians think about the revolution?

Heres Khan Acadamy, If you enjoy it. He talks a bit slow for me but that's fine. To each his own, yo.  Overwiew of the Bolshevik Revolution (also I know I put a typo in the link on accident. Deal with it.)

This one made me laugh because it's like an eleven year old kid explaining history and he's adorable.. or... acceptable... if you don't want to call him cute... A KID EXPLAINS THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

Listen to this song from the Anastasia broadway play about a man remembering the invasion of the Winter Palace years after the event The Neva Flows
____
 Come prepared with a short 2-3 minute presentation about what you learned from the videos you chose to watch. It can be a poem, a short story about how you would feel if you were alive during 1917, explain it in a bad russian accent, interpretive dance, a song, a russian themed snack, a real Russian person to talk about it, Lenin's body from the Red Square, a skit, or whatever you'd like! PS, If anyone actually brings Lenin, I'll give you like five bucks or something
.
I feel bad that I have to say this, but if you haven't done the work, please don't come to Journeyman. I tried my best to make it as simple and as fun as possible for you guys but it's not fair to the other students or me as the mentor if you didn't do all your homework. I want this to be fun and it will be if everyone does what they're supposed to! But I sincerely hope that all of you get it completed!

Bring a snack if you'd like to and please send me a message if you're coming so I can know how many people to plan on for the simulation and for a special snack I'm bringing for my COMRADES!

I'll see you in the Red Square, Loyal Comrades!

Portrait of a Dictator- Jan 2019

The Portrait of a Dictator

Apprentice

Study and Learn

1- Read Story of the World vol 4 pages 147-149, 223-226, 251-254, and 260-266.

2- Read History of US vol 9  pages 34-36, 111-115, and 134-138.

3.  Read the ebook  The Russian Revolution: History in an Hour

       OR

      If you would rather watch a documentary, here is one by PBS interviewing people who were                actually there.   People's Century 1917 Red Flag. (53 minutes) 

4. Read the ebook Stalin: History in an Hour by Rupert Colley
    
    OR

    Watch the documentary Stalin: Inside the Terror (While not graphic, this film does contain dramatized execution scenes)

5.  Copy these terms and definitions onto your notecards and refer to them as you read. (These may or may not come in handy in class also, just sayin').

6. (Optional but strongly reccommended)
        
              • Watch Dr. Zhivago* (1965 version)

              • And/or watch Nicholas and Alexandra (1971 version)

*While not graphic, this movie does contain infidelity. However, it is a poignant view into the life of people before, during, and after the revolution. Here is the plot summary: "A Russian epic, the movie traces the life of surgeon-poet Yury Zhivago before and during the Russian Revolution. Married to an upper-class girl who is devoted to him, yet in love with an unfortunate woman who becomes his muse, Zhivago is torn between fidelity and passion. Sympathetic with the revolution but shaken by the wars and purges, he struggles to retain his individualism as a humanist amid the spirit of collectivism." 
  

Know/Understand

Choose 1 one of the following inspirements:

• Pretend you are an active member of the Bolshevik Party. Place yourself in one of the events that occurred during the revolution, like the storming of the Winter Palace, and write about your involvement, your feelings, and your goals.

• Choose some Russian Revolution propaganda posters (translated), print them out and mount them on a poster board. Write a short analysis of each one, describing the emotions that the posters are trying to stir in the people and the message they are trying to get across.

• Compare the Russian Revolution to the American Revolution. How are they similar and how are they different?

• What was life like in Russia? Create a poster with a map of Russia. Label the major cities mentioned in the reading. Also draw in the geographical features like seas, mountains, and deserts. Write down the seasonal temperatures, population, languages spoken, describe the culture, as it was in the early 1900s.

• Make a timeline of events that led up to and comprised the Russian Revolution.  

• Make a presentation on the major people involved in the revolution, including Lenin, Tsar Nicholas, Trotsky, and Stalin, and tell us briefly about them and their roles).

• Pretend you are Tsar Nicholas II. Looking back, would you have done anything differently in order to prevent revolution?

• Read Alma 46-50 and do a character study comparing and contrasting Amalickiah and Captain Moroni. Who do you think was the better leader? Why? Do you see any similarities between Stalin and Amalickiah?

• Other Dictators: Read a short life sketch of Benito Mussolini (Fascist Italian dictator that controlled Italy from 1925-1943),  Fransisco Franco (Fascist dictator that controlled Spain from 1939-1975) or Chairman Mao  (Chinese Communist Revoltionary from 1949-1976). Prepare a short presentation for the class discussing similarities and differences between him and Stalin.

• In the Topical Guide in your Bibles, look up Pride. Pray for the Spirit to enlighten your understanding as you read some scriptures listed there and see if you can find the definition of pride, why it is so dangerous, and how we can recognize it in ourselves and others. What effects could pride have in the hands of someone with a lot of power? What is the opposite of pride? Please come prepared to discuss your thoughts and inspirations with the class.


Become/Serve

• Absolute monarchies are those in which all power is given to or, as is more often the case, taken by, the monarch. Examples of absolute power corrupting are Roman emperors (who declared themselves gods) and Napoleon Bonaparte (who declared himself an emperor). Think about this statement by Lord Acton:

"Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men."

Write a page or two about whether or not you agree with this statement. Is it possible to be a great leader without corruption? Can you think of some examples? As a leader what can you do to safeguard yourself from the influences of corruption? Send this to me and your writing mentor.

MASTERS

Read/Study

1. Read Animal Farm by George Orwell


Background: Animal Farm is an allegorical and dystopian novel by George Orwell, published in England on 17 August 1945. According to Orwell, the book reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalin era in the Soviet Union. Orwell, a democratic socialist, was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism, an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the Spanish Civil War. The Soviet Union, he believed, had become a brutal dictatorship, built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror.

2. This book is a satire about the Russian Revolution. Orwell said that almost every detail in the story was inspired by actual events and people. Make a list of the characters in the book and what real-life people they represent, as well as a list of the major events in the story and their corresponding real-life events. (If you need help, you can look it up online).

3. Write 2-3 discussion questions about the book to bring up in our class discussion.


Know/Understand
Complete one of the following:

• In 1946, Orwell wrote of Animal Farm: "Of course I intended it primarily as a satire on the Russian revolution..[and] that kind of revolution (violent conspiratorial revolution, led by unconsciously power hungry people) can only lead to a change of masters [-] revolutions only effect a radical improvement when the masses are alert." In one-two pages, discuss the book and how it relates to this quote. Do you agree? Compare and contrast the differences between the Russian Revolution and the American Revolution. What were the outcomes of each and why do you think they were different? Send this to me and your writing mentor.

• What do you think about the ending of the book? Write 1-2 pages on what point you think Orwell was trying to get across when the animals, looking into the kitchen window, could not tell the difference between the pigs and the people? Send this to me and your writing mentor.

• Make a poster of the cast of characters. Next to each animal, write what historical person/people they represent, and why you think Orwell chose that particular animal to represent that person. Also analyze the significance of the names of the animals. Bring this to class.

History Journeyman October 2018

This week in Journeyman we will be covering 1880 to 1900

It's only about a twenty year period but a LOT went down... Kinda seems like the world started to fall apart ':)

Soooo... We're going to spend a great deal of time in Journeyman stepping away from American History. But don't worry, you'll still learn plenty in Apprentice and Masters.
Please sign up for a country to present on
Please skim over the information of countries you did not sign up for but pay most attention and do some of your own research for the one you do sign up for! It's alright if we double up.
Sign up away!!
Russia:
Watch this video about Alexander III (the Third). He was the leader of Russia at the time. 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGCzmjwfSSs

The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were times of crisis for Russia. Not only did technology and industry continue to develop more rapidly in the West, but also new, dynamic, competitive great powers appeared on the world scene: Otto von Bismarck united Germany in the 1860s, the post-Civil War United States grew in size and strength, and a modernized Japan emerged from the Meiji Restoration of 1868. Although Russia was an expanding regional giant in Central Asia, bordering the Ottoman, Persian, British Indian, and Chinese empires, it could not generate enough capital to support rapid industrial development or to compete with advanced countries on a commercial basis. Russia's fundamental dilemma was that accelerated domestic development risked upheaval at home, but slower progress risked full economic dependency on the faster-advancing countries to the east and west. In fact, political ferment, particularly among the intelligentsia, accompanied the transformation of Russia's economic and social structure, but so did impressive developments in literature, music, the fine arts, and the natural sciences.

Throughout the last half of the nineteenth century, Russia's economy developed more slowly than did that of the major European nations to its west. Russia's population was substantially larger than those of the more developed Western countries, but the vast majority of the people lived in rural communities and engaged in relatively primitive agriculture. Industry, in general, had greater state involvement than in Western Europe, but in selected sectors it was developing with private initiative, some of it foreign. Between 1850 and 1900, Russia's population doubled, but it remained chiefly rural well into the twentieth century. Russia's population growth rate from 1850 to 1910 was the fastest of all the major powers except for the United States. Agriculture, which was technologically underdeveloped, remained in the hands of former serfs and former state peasants, who together constituted about four-fifths of the rural population. Large estates of more than fifty square kilometers accounted for about 20 percent of all farmland, but few such estates were worked in efficient, large-scale units. Small-scale peasant farming and the growth of the rural population increased the amount of land used for agricultural development, but land was used more for gardens and fields of grain and less for grazing meadows than it had been in the past.

(bonus points if you mention War and Peace)

India:

• 1885 - First meeting of the Indian National Congress

• 1897 - Plague in Bombay; Famine Commission

• 1899 - Lord Curzon becomes Governor-General and Viceroy

• 1905 - The First Partition of Bengal

• 1906 - Formation of Muslim League

I encourage you to look up india on your own :)

Africa (yes, I know it's multiple countries)(not Egypt):

1880 CE

The first Anglo-Boer War occurs between British colonisers and the Boer settlers from the Transvaal Republic.

1881 CE

The Madhist war in Sudan was one of the most serious anti-colonial rebellions of its time. After heavy casualties, the war ended in Britain’s favour, and led to the establishment of the colonial entity the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Administration.

1883 CE

The first Franco-Hova War occurs, during which Madagascar is invaded by the French. The war resulted in the ceding Antsiranana in the north to France and a large payment to the heirs of Joseph-Francois Lambert, with whom the Lamberts charter was controversially signed by Prince Radama II in 1855. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Tamatave in 1886, which gave control over Malagasy foreign policy to the French.

"Afrikakonferenz" by Gartenlaube 1884 Image Source

1884 CE

Improvement of medicines and inventions, such as the machine gun and the steam boat, opens for the European conquest of the interior of the African continent. In 1884, the Berlin Conference is held to divide Africa between the various colonial empires. This begins the scramble for Africa, a decade of rapid conquest by various European powers of the African continent. Ethiopia is the only part of Africa which remains independent.

1895 CE

Italy invades Ethiopia, attempting to create a colonial state. After about a year of conflict, Ethiopia emerges victorious.

The second Franco-Hova War occurs, with the intention of the French to bring the island completely under its protectorate. Starting with the seizing of Tamatave, the French Army marched to Antananarivo (the capital) under General Duchesne. A treaty was eventually signed making Madagascar a full Protectorate of the French Government.

1899 CE

The Second Anglo-Boer War occurs and becomes known as the most destructive modern armed conflict in South Africa’s history.

(boer war is a bit of a tongue twister :P)

France (I only put this down to discuss Louis Le Prince):
Learn about Monet!
And Van Gogh!
Annnnndddd.... LOUIS LE  PRINCE
louis-le-prince-created-the-first-ever-moving-pictures/
I cannot explain why I love this man so much?? Is it the mysterious disapperance??? That he created the camera before Edison??? I don't know. But I just think he's neat

Japan:
Read about Japan
Study and learn on your own :)

Mexico:
In 1865 the US civil war ended and they US govt demanded that France withdraw its troops from Mexico. The French were also threatened by the growing power of Prussia and they were forced to leave. Without French troops to support him Maximilian was in a hopeless situation. His army was defeated in battle at Queretaro in 1867 and he was captured and shot.
Mexico became a republic again under president Juarez. In 1876 Porfirio Diaz staged a coup and became dictator.
Under Diaz some economic progress was made and the population grew rapidly. (By 1910 it was 15 million). Railways were built and mining boomed. Mexico exported sisal, rubber, cochineal, coffee and sugar.
However in the late 19th century many Mexicans continued to live in great poverty and their resentment eventually boiled over into revolution.

In the early years of the 20th century Diaz lost support. In 1910 a Presidential election was held. Francisco Madero stood as a candidate against him. However Diaz imprisoned Madero and won the election with a huge majority. Madero escaped to Texas where he denounced the election as fraudulent and called for a rebellion

Egypt:
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/egypt/

There we go! I'm excieted to see everyone in journeyman!